Objective: To analyze the economy of next-generation sequencing （NGS） for non-small cell lung cancer mutation gene detection compared with traditional gene detection technology. Methods: First, a systematic review was conducted on the eco- nomic evaluation of international NGS methods for non-small cell lung cancer. Secondly, from the perspective of the health system, the research builds a decision tree model to calculate incremental cost-effectiveness of the NGS method (joint detection of 8-gene mu- tations) versus the fluorescent real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) method (joint detection of 3-gene mutations). Results: 4 studies were included, of which 2 studies believed that compared with traditional gene detection technology, NGS method for mutation gene detection of non-small cell lung cancer is economical, but still needs to be combined further research on the domestic situation. The results of the model study show that, compared with the qPCR, the NGS brings additional diagnostic cost for patients with non-small cell lung cancer to survive for 1 year is 97 501.18 yuan. It has cost-effectiveness when the threshold value is 3 times per capita GDP. Conclusion: The NGS method is economical for the detection of mutant genes in non-small cell lung cancer, but the data and results still need to be updated in the future.