Objective: To establish a complication grading system for patients with colorectal cancer surgery, explore the influenc- ing factors, verify the complication grading system based on the hospitalization expenses, and compare with DRG payment standard, so as to provide references for the improvement of the disease payment system. Methods: The medical records of 7 years were retrospec- tively collected, and the risk factors of complications were analyzed by Logistic analysis, and the differences of hospitalization expens- es among different complication grades were tested by Kruskal-Wallis method. Results: The incidence of complications was 56.41%. Multiple organ resection, use of laparoscopy, male and age were risk factors for complications, while high differentiation and treatment in the special gastrointestinal center were protective factors. The higher the level of postoperative complications is, the higher the medi- an hospitalization cost will be. Conclusion: Postoperative complications need to be controlled to alleviate the economic burden of colorectal cancer patients. The established classification system for colorectal cancer surgery complications has been proved to be sta- tistically indicative of costs, and can provide references for the development of disease payment.