The rare disease protection is a hot topic in China. In recent years，with the improvement of the medical security system，National Reimbursement Drug List (NRDL) has included a variety of rare disease drugs and the medical security of rare disease has been improved. However，there are still some "exobitant price" drugs not included in NRDL. Colombia passed legislation creating a "maximum budget" fund，separate from public health insurance，to protect patients with rare diseases. To explore the rare diseases security system in Colombia，the policy analysis framework for rare diseases are constructed from the aspects of system objective，system design and system efficacy" to analyze the rare. Based on the security experience，it is suggested to improve the rare diseases security system in China from optimizing the registration system，perfecting the legislation system and exploring independent guarantee.