Objective: With the continuous advancement of medical reform，the operation and management environment of public hospitals is becoming more and more complex. Hospital managers need a new management perspective to re-examine the weak parts in the operation and management link. Methods: Based on the value chain management method，taking the case hospital as an example，the operation management index analysis model under the value chain analysis framework is constructed to conduct the analysis from the dimension of external upstream supplier value chain，the internal medical care value chain and the external downstream patient value chain. Results: The operation management effect of the case hospital has been improved，the overall law of medical income has been expanded，the professional and technical capabilities of medical care groups have been gradually improved，and patient satisfaction has been improved. Conclusion: According to the value chain framework，operational management suggestions are put forward to finally achieve the goal of maximizing the dual value chain of hospitals and patients.