Objective: Understanding the changes of medical consumables in hospitals in China in the past four years through the cases of cholecystectomy, to provide suggestions for further reform of medical service sprice and payment policy. Methods: Collecting the information on the home page of hip arthroplasty in the middle, east and west of China from 2013 to 2016 through investigation. Using the sequential and base ratio to describing the changes of hospitalization cost. Using chi-square test to analyze the changes of hospitalization cost and its composition ratio. Results: During 2013-2016, the hospitalization expense level and the structural change trend of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 6 hospitals were consistent. The overall hospitalization cost increased by about 10%. Among them, the rate of the increase of examination cost was the fastest, then are the growth rate of medical labor and medical consumables, and the overall drug cost decreased. In the last four years, there were significant differences in the changes of hospitalization expenses structural in the cases of cholecystectomy (P < 0.01), the proportion of drugs was significantly reduced, while the proportion of medical consumables, examination cost, labor value of medical personnel were significantly increased. Conclusion: The labor value of medical personnel in our country is gradually being reflected, and the proportion of drugs is gradually being controlled. However, the proportion of medical consumables and examination cost are increasing significantly, and the structure of hospitalization expense needs to be further improved.