Objective: To analyze the disease constitutes and medical expenses of the patients acquired medical assistant for catastrophic disease in Wanquan County of Hebei Province. Methods: Data were collect from the medical assistance database of Wanquan Civil Affairs Bureau and analyzed using statistical software SPSS. Results: Total 498 patients were acquired medical assistances for catastrophic disease in Wanquan County from 2012 to 2016. Most of patients aged at 40-70year old. There were more than 22 major diseases, including malignant tumor, uremia, cerebrovascular disease, leukemia, cardiovascular disease and organ transplantation, which accounted for 51.0%, 30.9%, 6.0%, 4.6%, 3.8% and 1.0% of the total number of patients respectively. The assistance fund for patients with serious illness varies from 12 to 37 thousand RMB Yuan, deducting the basic medical insurance, so that personal self-payment can be reduced by 30-52%. Conclusion: From 2012 to 2016, the patients received medical assistance for disaster disease in Wanquan County were mainly middle and old age patients. The major diseases were malignant tumors, uremia, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, etc. Medical assistance for disaster diseases effectively alleviated the economic burden on the poor population.